ACE Inhibitor or ARB
First-line blood-pressure medication. Bonus protection for kidneys.
Approved Verified 27 August 2026
What it does
The default starting point when blood pressure stays above target after lifestyle effort. The evidence base is enormous, the cost is low, and the side-effect profile is mild for most patients — with added kidney protection in diabetes or early kidney disease.
Both classes interrupt the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system — ACE inhibitors block angiotensin II formation, ARBs block its receptor. The result is vasodilation and reduced sodium and water retention.
What the evidence shows
Overall evidence strength: High certainty
Who it's for, who should skip
Blood pressure persistently above 130/80 despite lifestyle effort. ACE inhibitors and ARBs are interchangeable for most — the choice is about tolerability (ACE inhibitors more often cause cough).
Skip it if
- pregnancy — Contraindicated in pregnancy.
Running it
- Form
- oral
- Dose
- daily
- Titration
- titrated to blood-pressure target
Safety
- ACE-inhibitor cough (~10%)
- hyperkalemia
- angioedema
Stacking & alternatives
Access & cost
Prescription or clinician order — typically via primary care or cardiology.
Last reviewed 27 August 2026. Regulatory status verified 27 August 2026.